This image demonstrates the captivating flow dynamics of a homemade lava lamp. The setup involves a glass first filled with baking soda, followed by oil, and finally, vinegar coloured with food dye. The interaction begins when the coloured vinegar, denser than oil, sinks to the bottom where it reacts with baking soda. This reaction produces carbon dioxide gas, which then forms bubbles. These bubbles capture droplets of the coloured vinegar, carrying them upward through the less dense oil in a delightful display of fluid mechanics. This process is an excellent visualization of density differences and the buoyancy-driven flow, where lighter materials (gas-filled bubbles) rise through a denser medium (oil), demonstrating Archimedes’ principle in action.

Camera Settings: Captured with a Canon EOS 600D at ISO-100, f/8 aperture, 1-second exposure, and 81 mm focal length